Learning how to clean washing machine properly can help remove detergent residue, limescale, dirt and unpleasant odours that can build up over time. Although washing machines are designed to clean clothes, they also need regular cleaning themselves. Moisture, leftover detergent, fabric softener and debris can create an environment where mould and bacteria may develop.
A clean washing machine can help keep laundry smelling fresher and maintain the appliance’s performance. The good news is that you do not need complicated equipment or specialist cleaning products for routine maintenance. With a few simple steps, you can clean the drum, detergent drawer, door seal, filter and other accessible areas.
This guide explains how to clean a washing machine safely, how often you should clean it, how to remove bad smells and what habits can help keep your machine fresh for longer.
How to Clean Washing Machine: Step-by-Step Guide
The best way to clean your washing machine is to clean its main areas separately rather than simply running one cycle and assuming the entire appliance is clean.
The key areas to clean are:
Before cleaning, always check the manufacturer’s instructions for your specific appliance.
How Often Should You Clean a Washing Machine?
How often you need to clean your washing machine depends on how frequently you use it and the type of laundry you wash.
As a general maintenance routine:
If your machine develops a noticeable smell, visible mould or heavy detergent residue, it may need cleaning sooner.
Households that run several loads of laundry every week may need to perform maintenance more frequently than households that use the machine occasionally.
Why Does a Washing Machine Smell Bad?
A washing machine can develop unpleasant odours for several reasons.
Common causes include:
The inside of a washing machine can remain damp after a cycle. If the door or lid stays closed, moisture may remain trapped, contributing to unpleasant smells.
Clean the Washing Machine Drum
The drum is one of the most important areas to clean.
Start by making sure the washing machine is empty.
Then follow the manufacturer’s instructions for running a cleaning or maintenance cycle. Some machines have a dedicated Drum Clean, Tub Clean or similar programme.
If your machine does not have a dedicated cleaning cycle, check the manufacturer’s guidance for the appropriate maintenance procedure.
Avoid adding household chemicals that are not recommended for your particular appliance.
Why the Drum Needs Cleaning
Even though water passes through the drum during every wash, residue can still accumulate.
Over time, you may find:
Regular maintenance can help reduce this buildup.
Clean the Rubber Door Seal
Front-loading washing machines commonly have a rubber seal around the door.
This area can trap:
Pull the seal back gently and inspect the folds.
Use a soft cloth to wipe away visible dirt and moisture. For stubborn residue, follow the manufacturer’s recommended cleaning method.
Do not use excessive force because damaging the seal can cause leaks.
Check the Door Seal for Mould
Dark spots or discolouration around the seal may indicate mould or other buildup.
If mould is present, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning the seal and use a suitable product according to its label.
Never mix different cleaning chemicals together. In particular, do not mix bleach with acids or other cleaning products because dangerous gases can be produced.
Clean the Detergent Drawer
The detergent drawer can accumulate residue from washing detergent and fabric softener.
Remove the drawer if your machine is designed to allow this.
Then:
A dirty detergent drawer can contribute to unpleasant smells and prevent detergent from being dispensed properly.
Clean the Washing Machine Filter
Many washing machines have a drain pump filter that catches objects and debris.
The filter may collect:
The location and cleaning procedure vary between washing machine models.
Before opening the filter, check the manufacturer’s instructions. Some machines may contain water behind the filter, so you may need to prepare a suitable container or towel.
Never force a filter that is difficult to remove.
Clean the Washing Machine Door
The door can collect detergent residue, water marks, dust and other debris.
Wipe the inside and outside of the door with a suitable soft cloth.
Pay particular attention to areas around the door seal and edges where moisture can remain.
Keeping the door clean can also make it easier to identify any leaks or buildup.
Clean the Exterior
The outside of the washing machine should also be included in your cleaning routine.
Wipe the:
Use a cleaning method recommended by the manufacturer.
Avoid allowing excess water to enter electrical controls, buttons or openings.
How to Get Rid of Washing Machine Smell
If your washing machine smells unpleasant, start by identifying the likely source rather than simply masking the smell.
Check:
Door seal: Look for trapped dirt, moisture or mould.
Detergent drawer: Check for old detergent and softener residue.
Filter: Look for trapped debris.
Drum: Check whether the appliance needs a maintenance cycle.
Drainage: Make sure the machine is draining correctly.
Also avoid leaving wet clothes inside the washing machine for long periods after a cycle has finished.
Should You Leave the Washing Machine Door Open?
For many front-loading washing machines, leaving the door slightly open after a wash can help the interior dry.
However, make sure this is safe in your household, particularly if children or pets could access the appliance.
If your machine’s manufacturer provides different instructions, follow those instructions.
The same principle can apply to the detergent drawer: allowing it to dry can help reduce moisture buildup.
Build Practical Knowledge for a Career in Professional Cleaning
Take your cleaning knowledge beyond everyday household maintenance with the British Cleaning Certificate Level 5. Develop a stronger understanding of professional cleaning practices, hygiene, cleaning methods and industry standards to support your career development in the cleaning sector.
How to Prevent Washing Machine Odours
Cleaning your washing machine is only one part of keeping it fresh.
You can also reduce odours by developing good laundry habits.
Remove Clothes Promptly
Try not to leave wet clothes sitting inside the machine for extended periods.
Keep the Interior Dry
After washing, allow appropriate ventilation according to the manufacturer’s guidance.
Avoid Excess Detergent
Using more detergent than recommended does not necessarily produce cleaner clothes. Excess detergent can leave residue inside the machine.
Follow the dosage instructions for the detergent, water hardness and load size where applicable.
Clean the Drawer
Regularly cleaning the detergent drawer can prevent residue from accumulating.
Check the Filter
A blocked or dirty filter can contribute to drainage problems and unpleasant smells.
Run Appropriate Maintenance Cycles
If your washing machine includes a cleaning or maintenance programme, use it according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
How to Clean a Washing Machine With Vinegar
Vinegar is sometimes recommended online as a washing-machine cleaner. However, you should check the manufacturer’s instructions before using vinegar or any other household substance inside your appliance.
Some manufacturers specifically advise against certain cleaning products because they may damage components over time.
The safest approach is to use a product and cleaning method that your washing machine manufacturer approves.
Can You Use Baking Soda to Clean a Washing Machine?
Baking soda is another commonly suggested household cleaning method.
However, washing machines differ in their materials, seals and components. Before putting baking soda or any other substance into your machine, check the manufacturer’s cleaning guidance.
For routine maintenance, a manufacturer-approved washing-machine cleaner or dedicated cleaning programme may be more appropriate.
How to Clean a Washing Machine Naturally
If you prefer to minimise the use of commercial cleaning products, focus on physical cleaning and good maintenance habits.
You can:
However, “natural” does not automatically mean safe for every appliance. Always check the manufacturer’s recommendations before using household substances.
Common Washing Machine Cleaning Mistakes
Avoid these common mistakes when cleaning your appliance.
Using Too Much Cleaning Product
More cleaning product does not necessarily mean better cleaning. Excess chemicals may leave residue or damage components.
Mixing Cleaning Chemicals
Never mix cleaning products unless the manufacturer specifically states that they are compatible.
Ignoring the Door Seal
The rubber seal can trap moisture and debris, particularly in front-loading machines.
Forgetting the Filter
A dirty filter can contain debris that contributes to unpleasant smells and drainage problems.
Leaving the Machine Wet
Allowing appropriate ventilation after washing can help the interior dry.
Ignoring Manufacturer Instructions
Different washing machines have different cleaning requirements. Always check the user manual before attempting maintenance procedures.
How to Clean a Washing Machine Safely
Safety should always come first when cleaning household appliances.
Before performing maintenance:
Cleaning is different from repairing. If you notice electrical faults, unusual noises, leaks or serious mechanical problems, stop using the appliance and seek appropriate professional assistance.
How to Keep Your Washing Machine Fresh
A simple maintenance routine can make washing-machine care much easier.
After Each Wash
Weekly
Periodically
The exact schedule should be adjusted according to your appliance, usage and manufacturer’s recommendations.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I clean a washing machine that smells?
Start by checking the door seal, detergent drawer, filter and drum for residue, dirt or trapped debris. Run an appropriate maintenance or drum-cleaning cycle according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and avoid leaving wet laundry inside the machine.
How often should I clean my washing machine?
The frequency depends on how often you use the machine and the manufacturer’s recommendations. Regularly wiping the door seal and detergent drawer, checking the filter and periodically running a suitable maintenance cycle can help keep the appliance fresh.
What causes a washing machine to smell?
Common causes include detergent buildup, fabric-softener residue, trapped moisture, dirty seals, debris in the filter and leaving wet clothes inside the drum. Regular cleaning and ventilation can help reduce unpleasant odours.
Can I use vinegar to clean my washing machine?
You should check your washing machine manufacturer’s instructions before using vinegar. Some manufacturers recommend against certain household substances, so using an approved washing-machine cleaner or maintenance programme may be a safer option.
How can I prevent my washing machine from smelling?
Clean the door seal and detergent drawer regularly, check the filter, use the recommended amount of detergent and remove wet laundry promptly. Allowing appropriate ventilation after washing can also help reduce moisture buildup.
Build Practical Knowledge for a Career in Professional Cleaning
Take your cleaning knowledge beyond everyday household maintenance with the British Cleaning Certificate Level 5. Develop a stronger understanding of professional cleaning practices, hygiene, cleaning methods and industry standards to support your career development in the cleaning sector.
Final Thoughts
Knowing how to clean washing machine components properly can help you maintain a fresher appliance and reduce the buildup of detergent, dirt and moisture. The most important areas to pay attention to include the drum, door seal, detergent drawer and filter.
Regular maintenance is usually more effective than waiting until a strong odour or visible buildup appears. Most importantly, follow the manufacturer’s cleaning instructions and avoid mixing chemicals or using substances that could damage the appliance.
With consistent cleaning and good laundry habits, you can help keep your washing machine fresh, clean and ready for your next load.
